LEFT 1: faecal rod of sand and calcareous or vegetable detritus embedded in mucus.
2: spawn ribbon from female with no attendant male. Rosehearty, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sublittoral, 5m depth. May 2017. © C. Rickard.
RIGHT male releasing sperm as he has sensed female spawning in the vicinity. Norfolk, England. Sublittoral. 16°C. October 2022. © R. Spray.